Doctors have long known that breast cancer is most effectively treated when detected at an early stage, years before a tumor can be palpated either by a woman or her doctor. Since the 1980s, mammography has dramatically aided in pinpointing these tiny tumors, which usually are contained within the milk ducts of the breast.

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Ask virtually any woman who has undergone a mammogram this question: Do you think there could be a better screening technique? Her answer would probably be a resounding yes. Surely, there must be something slightly less draconian than the vice-like mammography machine and the use of X-rays to clarify internal structures of the breast.

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